In The United States District Court
For The Southern
District of Texas
Black Lives Matter
Vs. U.S.
Docket No. 3:17-MC-00003
Donald John Trump Sr. 45th President
United States of America et al
Defendant(s)
Before
the Court Slave Negro U.S. Judge George C. Hanks, Jr. Pro Se Counsel of Record motion for leave to proceed in forma
pauperis pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915 on “Appeal” to Fifth Circuit Court of
Appeals, “Plaintiffs “Black Lives Matter” vs. Donald John Trump Sr. 45th
President et al,
Background for the Confused
On August 9th 2017
United States of Appeals Court, requesting in “connection with this “Appeal” in
the case on behalf of “Black Lives Matter”, decision of this Court which holds
that a Corporation is a fictional legal entity which can be represented only by
a licensed counsel and cannot be represent by an officer of the “corporation
who is not an “attorney”. See In Re K.M.A., Inc., 652, F.2d 398, 399 (5th
Cir 1981) therefore, unless you are an attorney licensed to practice before
this Court, you may
not represent this party in this appeal. Please
notify this office within 15 days of this date whether you will be retaining
counsel to represent this party, or you may file a motion advising why the
cited authority does not preclude you from representation.
Failure to comply will result in
dismissal of the appeal on behalf of the party name above. First and foremost
to United States of Appeals Court Fifth Circuit and Before the Court Slave
Negro U.S. Judge George C. Hanks, Jr. with the (1800s Colonial Harvard and Duke
Law degrees) pursuant to the 13th Amendment of Mississippi
Constitution based solely upon
The allegations of the See In Re
K.M.A., Inc., 652, F.2d 398, 399 (5th Cir 1981), the Court is
Fraudulent “once again” in this Colonial America rules of Laws,
Pursuant to Rule 12(d) of the Federal
Rules of Civil Procedure (“FRCP”), 44.5 Million Plaintiffs Black Lives Matter” moved
to strike the following:
K.M.A., Inc., 652, F.2d
398, 399 (5th Cir 1981),
United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit
Manzoor A. MEMON; et al., Plaintiffs, Memon
Corporation Inc., Plaintiff-Appellant, v. ALLIED DOMECQ QSR; et al.,
Defendants, Baskin-Robbins Incorporated; Baskin-Robbins USA Co.,
Defendants-Appellees.
No. 04-20064 Decided: September 17, 2004 Before
KING, Chief Judge, and JOLLY and CLEMENT, Circuit Judges.
Greggory Scott Williams, Houston,
TX, for Plaintiff-Appellant. Jeffrey L. Karlin, Roland B. Ninomiya, Schmeltzer,
Aptker & Shepard, Washington, DC, for Defendants-Appellees.
Plaintiff-Appellant Memon
Corporation Inc. (“Memon Corp.”) appeals from the district court's grant of
Defendants-Appellees' motion to dismiss and the district court's denial of
Memon Corp.'s motion for new trial or relief from judgment under Rule 60(b). For
the following reasons, we REVERSE the district court's order insofar as it
dismissed Memon Corp.'s suit and REMAND for further proceedings not
inconsistent with this opinion.
I. BACKGROUND
On April 24, 2003, Manzoor Memon,
an officer of Memon Corp., filed a pro se complaint in Texas state court
against Allied Domecq QSR.1
The complaint raised a number of claims arising out of Memon Corp.'s operation
of a Baskin-Robbins ice cream franchise, including breach of the franchise
agreement, conspiracy, fraud, and breach of the duty of good faith and fair
dealing. Manzoor Memon (“Mr. Memon”) is not a licensed attorney, but he
nevertheless brought the suit on behalf of himself, his brother and
sister-in-law (Aamir H. Memon and Sanam A. Memon), and the family's corporation
(Memon Corp.).
Baskin-Robbins timely removed the case to federal
district court.
On June 11, 2003, Baskin-Robbins
moved under Rule 12(b)(6) to dismiss Mr. Memon's claims for lack of standing
because he was not a party to the franchise agreement and to dismiss his
siblings' and Memon Corp.'s claims on the grounds that they were improperly
represented by Mr. Memon, a non-lawyer.
On October 15, 2003, without having filed a response
to defendant's motion to dismiss, Mr. Memon moved the district court to dismiss
the case without prejudice. At an October 22 scheduling conference, Mr. Memon
requested that the judge rule on his motion to dismiss without prejudice.
When asked by the district judge why he so
moved, Mr. Memon replied that he lacked funds to hire an attorney. The judge
promptly denied Mr. Memon's motion orally and set the case for trial. In
response to the ruling, Mr. Memon asked the judge, “Can I get an attorney?”
The judge replied, “I can't practice law so I can't advise you on that.”
Eight days later, on October 30,
2003, the district court granted Baskin-Robbins's 12(b)(6) motion, finding that
Mr. Memon lacked standing and that the other named plaintiffs, including Memon
Corp., were impermissibly represented by a non-lawyer. The district judge had
never ordered Memon Corp. to retain an attorney nor had he admonished the
plaintiffs that Memon Corp. could not proceed without an attorney.
Soon after the dismissal, Memon
Corp. hired an attorney and filed a motion for new trial or, alternatively, a
motion for relief from final judgment under Rule 60(b). The district court
denied the motion. Memon Corp., now represented by counsel, appeals the grant
of the motion to dismiss and the denial of the motion for new trial or relief
from judgment.2
II. DISCUSSION
We review dismissals under Rule
12(b)(6) de novo. Gregson v. Zurich Am. Ins. Co., 322 F.3d 883, 885 (5th
Cir.2003). Further, this court accepts “all well-pleaded facts as true,
viewing them in the light most favorable to the plaintiff.” Jones v.
Greninger, 188 F.3d 322, 324 (5th Cir.1999). “Thus, the court should not
dismiss [a] claim unless the plaintiff would not be entitled to relief under
any set of facts or any possible theory that [it] could prove consistent with
the allegations in the complaint.” Id.
Memon Corp. asserts that de novo review is
inappropriate, arguing that Rule 12(b)(6) was not the proper procedural vehicle
through which to challenge its lack of legal representation. Instead, Memon
Corp. argues that this court should review the motion to dismiss under the same
abuse-of-discretion standard under which we would review a Rule 41(b)
involuntary dismissal.3
Memon Corp.'s objection is well taken, as no precedent exists for dismissing
under Rule 12(b)(6) on these grounds,4
and the appropriate measure for a judge to take when confronted with an
unrepresented corporation is inherently discretionary.5
Noting the lack of clarity surrounding the proper procedure (and the
corresponding standard of review),
We find that we need not decide
the proper standard of review, as we would reverse the district court under
either standard. Memon Corp. does not deny the well-settled rule of law that a
corporation cannot appear in federal court unless represented by a licensed
attorney. See, e.g., Rowland v. California Men's Colony, 506 U.S. 194, 202,
113 S.Ct. 716, 121 L.Ed.2d 656 (1993) (“the lower courts have uniformly held
that 28 U.S.C. § 1654 ․ does not allow corporations, partnerships, or
associations to appear in federal court otherwise than by licensed counsel”);
Southwest Express Co. v. ICC, 670
F.2d 53, 55 (5th Cir.1982). Although 28 U.S.C. § 1654 authorizes individuals
to appear in federal courts pro se, the statute is silent regarding
corporations. The lack of authorization in § 1654 has been interpreted as
barring corporations from appearing in federal court without an attorney. Rowland,
506 U.S. at 202, 113 S.Ct. 716.
Memon Corp. argues, however, that the district
court erred in dismissing its claims with prejudice.6
We agree. This court has consistently recognized “that dismissal with
prejudice is an extreme sanction that deprives a litigant of the opportunity to
pursue his claim.”
Callip v. Harris County Child Welfare Dep't,
757 F.2d 1513, 1519 (5th Cir.1985) (internal quotation marks omitted) (quoting
McGowan v. Faulkner Concrete Pipe Co., 659 F.2d 554, 556 (5th Cir.1981)).
Dismissal with prejudice was too extreme a sanction in this instance.
In virtually every case in which a
district court dismissed the claims (or struck the pleadings) of a corporation
that appeared without counsel, the court expressly warned the corporation that
it must retain counsel or formally ordered it to do so before dismissing the
case. See, e.g., Donovan v. Road Rangers Country Junction, Inc., 736 F.2d
1004, 1005 (5th Cir.1984) (per curiam); K.M.A., Inc., 652 F.2d at 399 ;
D-Beam Ltd. P'ship v. Roller Derby Skates, Inc., 366 F.3d 972, 973 (9th
Cir.2004). Other courts have dismissed such cases without prejudice, allowing
the corporation to re-file after acquiring a lawyer. See, e.g., Capital
Group, Inc. v. Gaston & Snow, 768 F.Supp. 264, 265-66 (E.D.Wis.1991).
The district judge never admonished Memon Corp. that
it was required to hire an attorney (or ordered it to do so) before he
dismissed the case with prejudice. We do not agree with Baskin-Robbins's
assertion that the following dialogue during the October 22 scheduling
conference constituted sufficient warning from the court:
The Court: [Y]ou also have a motion to dismiss; is
that correct?
Counsel for Baskin-Robbins: That's correct, Your
Honor.
The Court: All right. We're working on that.
All right. If you know what I mean. All right?
Counsel for Baskin-Robbins: Okay.
The Court: Now, we're just going to set a
scheduling order today. All right? It may or may not go away, but right now
we're here to set a scheduling order. You understand Mr. Memon?
Mr. Memon: Yes, sir.
We cannot accept that the judge's
statement that “[i]t may or may not go away” in the midst of this exchange
adequately admonished Mr. Memon that the court would soon dismiss the case with
prejudice unless Memon Corp. retained counsel.
Although Baskin-Robbins's motion
to dismiss had been pending for nearly four months, Mr. Memon apparently
believed that his own motion to dismiss without prejudice obviated the need to
respond to Baskin-Robbins's motion.7
We do not see how Memon Corp.'s failure to respond to the motion to dismiss
would justify dismissal with prejudice in this instance. See Rogers v. Kroger
Co., 669 F.2d 317, 320 (5th Cir.1982) (reversing district court's dismissal
with prejudice under Rule 41(b) for failure to prosecute; noting that
dismissal with prejudice is “reserved for the most egregious of cases”).
Moreover, we find the colloquy
between the district judge and Mr. Memon especially important. After the
district court denied Mr. Memon's motion to dismiss without prejudice, the
following exchange occurred:
The Court: At this time we stand adjourned. The
case is still going on, sir. Okay. You understand that?
Mr. Memon: Can I get an attorney?
The Court: What?
Mr. Memon: Am I allowed to-
The Court: I can't practice law so I can't advise
you on that. All right. Off the record.
This conversation casts sufficient
doubt on Baskin-Robbins's contention that Mr. Memon knew that he needed either
to hire a lawyer or face dismissal with prejudice. Eight days later, without
providing any warning to Memon Corp., the district court dismissed with
prejudice. Under these particular facts, this was error.
Finally, because we have
determined that the district court erred in dismissing Memon Corp.'s claims
with prejudice, we need not reach the question of Memon Corp.'s motion for new
trial or relief from judgment pursuant to Rule 60(b).
III. CONCLUSION
For the foregoing reasons, we REVERSE the judgment
of the district court insofar as it dismissed Memon Corp.'s case with prejudice
and REMAND for further proceedings not inconsistent with this opinion.
FOOTNOTES
1. On
June 11, 2003, Allied Domecq filed a Rule 21 motion to substitute as defendants
Baskin-Robbins Incorporated and Baskin-Robbins USA, Co. (collectively
“Baskin-Robbins”). The district court granted the motion on October 30, 2003.
For the purpose of convenience, we therefore refer to the defendants below as
Baskin-Robbins.
2. Neither
Mr. Memon nor his siblings appeal the district court's judgment dismissing their
individual claims.
3. We
affirm dismissals with prejudice under Rule 41(b) “only upon a showing of a
clear record of delay or contumacious conduct by the plaintiff” and “where
lesser sanctions would not serve the best interest of justice.” Dorsey v.
Scott Wetzel Serv., Inc., 84 F.3d 170, 171 (5th Cir.1996) (per curiam) (quoting
Salinas v. Sun Oil Co., 819 F.2d 105, 106 (5th Cir.1987)).
4. Memon
Corp. correctly observes that most courts resolving claims by unrepresented
corporations do not identify the source of their authority. See, e.g.,
K.M.A., Inc. v. Gen. Motors Acceptance Corp. (In re K.M.A., Inc.), 652 F.2d
398, 399 (5th Cir.1981); Palazzo v. Gulf Oil Corp., 764 F.2d 1381, 1384-86
(11th Cir.1985). Some courts have specified that Rule 41(b) authorizes
dismissal under such circumstances. E.g., Transportes Aereos de Angola v.
Ronair, Inc., 104 F.R.D. 482, 504-05 (D.Del.1985). Those cases, however,
involved instances in which the litigant failed to comply with a court order to
retain counsel or a local rule requiring representation. See id.; see also
Fed.R.Civ.P. 41(b) (“For failure of the plaintiff to prosecute or to comply
with these rules or any order of court, a defendant may move for dismissal of
an action or of any claim against the defendant.”). Neither is the case here,
making Rule 41(b) inapplicable. As we discuss below, the only authority for
dismissing a corporation for failure to retain counsel, absent a court order or
local rule, appears to be based on a judicial interpretation of 28 U.S.C. § 1654.
See Rowland v. California Men's Colony, 506 U.S. 194, 202, 113 S.Ct. 716, 121
L.Ed.2d 656 (1993); Palazzo, 764 F.2d at 1384-86.
5. As
explained below, the judge might, inter alia, admonish the corporation that it
cannot proceed without counsel, order the corporation to retain counsel within
a certain period of time (the appropriate amount of time also being within the
judge's discretion), or dismiss the case without prejudice and allow the
corporation to re-file.
6. Although
the dismissal order in this case did not specify whether it was with or without
prejudice, the order constituted a dismissal with prejudice. See Hall v.
Tower Land & Inv. Co., 512 F.2d 481, 483 (5th Cir.1975) (noting that the
grant of a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim constitutes a
judgment on the merits, even if it fails to indicate that it is a dismissal
with prejudice); Fed.R.Civ.P. 41(b) ( “Unless the court in its order for
dismissal otherwise specifies, a dismissal under this subdivision and any
dismissal not provided for in this rule, other than a dismissal for lack of
jurisdiction, for improper venue, or for failure to join a party under Rule 19,
operates as an adjudication upon the merits.” (emphasis added)).
7. We
note that this belief was not unreasonable, since Baskin-Robbins had not filed
an answer or a motion for summary judgment. See Fed.R.Civ.P. 41(a) (“[A]n
action may be dismissed by the plaintiff without order of court ․ by filing a
notice of dismissal at any time before service by the adverse party of an
answer or of a motion for summary judgment, whichever first occurs․”); 9
Charles Alan Wright & Arthur R. Miller, Federal Practice and Procedure § 2363,
at 259 (2d ed. 1995) (“[A] motion to dismiss under Rule 12 does not terminate
the right of dismissal by notice.”).
PER CURIAM:
44.5 Million Plaintiffs Black Lives
Matter” Affirmed that:
1.
K.M.A., Inc., 652, F.2d 398, 399
(5th Cir 1981), United States of America did not exist, till
precisely February 7th 2013 all (50) States became a “Union” as defined
by Law. *See exhibit A attached herein to “Probable Cause” and for the direct issue
of said ARREST WARRANT(s) for Defendant Haley Reeves Barbour 63rd Governor of
Defendant Mississippi, from 2004 to 2012
Defendant Haley Reeves Barbour
American politician, lobbyist, and member of the Republican GOP Party who
served as the 63rd Governor of Mississippi, from 2004 to
2012, being official (8) years within the Jurisdiction of defendant
“United States of America” RICO criminal endeavor includes, maintaining,
securing, possession, custody and control to
Kept 44.5 Million (plus) DNA Negro
Plaintiffs Black Lives Matter as Living 1800s Continue Century living “Slaves” and physical property of (USA) as a “whole
until Defendant State of Mississippi Ratified the 13th Amendment of
1865 as define and
“Outlaw” Slavery Servitude” on the
legal “behalf interest” of the
Plaintiffs Black Lives Matter” which this never occurred for (8) years,
as the 13th amendments not fully complete and ratified back in 1865,
as co-defendant “State of Mississippi”, “very plain” factual allegations base
on actual government records for federal question jurisdiction being the
“Plaintiffs 44.5 Million legal inquiries of
the complaint, which the Court has no choice but to accept as true base upon
the statutory requirement grounded in the “13th amendment
"Neither slavery nor
involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall
have been duly convicted shall exist within the United States, or any place
subject to their jurisdiction" Formally abolishing slavery in the United
States, the 13th Amendment was passed by the Congress on January 31, 1865, and
ratified by the states on
December 6, 1865, as “Formally
abolishing slavery in defendant “United States of America” by original
Defendant State of Mississippi et al
Defendant Haley Reeves Barbour 63rd
Governor of Mississippi, from 2004 to 2012, being official (8)
years within the Jurisdiction of defendant “United States of America” had not ratified
the 13th amendment freeing all “Slaves” which this did not occurred
till well in 2013…?
2.
Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals and (Especially) Slave Negro
U.S. Judge George C. Hanks, Jr (Harvard and Duke Law Degree) and Senior Slave
Status Negro U.S. Judge Kenneth M. Hoyt,
“Black Lives Matter” not a (Dam)
corporation, which they are “Slaves” demanding freedom from defendant GOP
criminal(s) of white slave trading gang still “alive and kicking since 1865, “United
States of America holding the entire “World-Wide” Negro Race held “Captive” as
Posted you “Fools” stop playing with the lives of the “entire World DNA Negro
Race held hostage by Colonial 1800s Whites Supremacy America still stuck on
stupid with their hostile (Nigger Judges), dealing
“Black Codes”, Jim Crow laws, and
Never Ending Slavery 1619 August 20th until (Actually) when
Mississippi free all “Slaves” well into 2013 thereby pardon my “French” stop
lying You “Crooks at the Crooked Court House,
I am Black and My Dam Life Matters (you
pigs) get over your- self at the Courthouse
*See Exhibit A Mississippi 13th
Amendment attached to Case No. 17 – 40280 Plaintiff – Appellant Louis Charles
Hamilton II Cmdr. USN #2712 vs. Defendant 45th Plaintiff – Appellant
NOTICE TO STRIKE” UNITED STATES COURT OF
APPEALS FIFTH CIRCUIT, Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure (pursuant) TO:
President Donald John Trump Sr. -
Appellees : “Original Black Lives
Matter”, 1619 – 2013 hereby being “Enslaved” Plaintiffs since 1619 – 2013 with
direct cause of action for crimes against humanity, before the “International
Criminal Court (ICC) as always have no rights “ever” in these White Man Rules
while being held “captive”, nor do they apply to the White Man” when being
“prosecuted by the same FRCP, which
Black Lives Matter (BLM) is an international activist movement, originating in the African-American community, that campaigns against
violence and systemic
racism toward black people. BLM regularly holds protests against police killings of black
people and broader issues of racial profiling, police brutality, and racial inequality in the United
States criminal justice system.
In
2013, the movement began with the use of the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter on social media after the acquittal
of George
Zimmerman in the shooting death of African-American teen Trayvon Martin. Black Lives Matter became
nationally recognized for its street demonstrations following the 2014 deaths
of two African Americans: Michael Brown,
resulting in protests
and unrest in Ferguson, and Eric
Garner in New York
City.[1][2] Since the Ferguson protests,
participants in the movement have demonstrated against the deaths of numerous
other African Americans by police actions or while in police custody. In the summer
of 2015, Black Lives Matter activists became involved in the 2016 United States presidential election.[3] The originators of the hashtag and
call to action, Alicia
Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi, expanded their project into a
national network of over 30 local chapters between 2014 and 2016.[4] The overall Black Lives Matter
movement, however, is a decentralized network and has no formal hierarchy.[5]
Black Lives Matter has also been criticized. Some black civil
rights leaders have criticized the tactics of BLM. Some critics accuse Black
Lives Matter of being anti-police, and question the statistics provided by BLM
activists regarding the rate at which black people are killed by police. Other
criticisms include: BLM's lack of focus on intra-racial violence, allegations
of racism and sexism, and criticism of the policy statements laid out by the Movement for Black Lives.
There have been many reactions to the Black Lives Matter
movement. The U.S. population's perception of Black Lives Matter varies
considerably by race.[6] The phrase "All Lives Matter" sprang up as a response to the
Black Lives Matter movement, but has been criticized for dismissing or
misunderstanding the message of "Black Lives Matter".[7][8] Following the shooting of two police
officers in Ferguson, the hashtag Blue Lives Matter was created by supporters of the
police.[9 Earlier movements
BLM claims inspiration from the Civil
Rights Movement, the
Black
Power movement, the
1980s Black
feminist movement, Pan-Africanism, the Anti-Apartheid Movement, hip hop, LGBTQ
social movements,
and Occupy
Wall Street.[10] Several media organizations have
referred to BLM as "a new civil rights movement."[1][11][12] Some of the protesters, however,
actively distinguish themselves from the older generation of black leadership,
such as Al Sharpton, by their aversion to middle-class
traditions such as
church involvement, Democratic Party loyalty, and respectability
politics.[13][14] Political scientist Frederick C.
Harris has argued that this "group-centered model of leadership" is
distinct from the older charismatic
leadership model
that characterized civil rights organizations like Jesse Jackson's Rainbow PUSH Coalition and Sharpton's National
Action Network.[15]
Online campaign
"Million Hoodie March" in Union
Square, Manhattan on
March 21, 2012, protesting George Zimmerman's shooting of Trayvon Martin
In
the summer of 2013, after George Zimmerman's acquittal for the shooting death of Trayvon
Martin, the movement
began with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter.[16] The movement was co-founded by three
black community
organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi.[17][18] Garza, Cullors and Tometi met
through "Black Organizing for Leadership & Dignity" (BOLD), a
national organization that trains community
organizers.[10] They began to question how they were
going to respond to what they saw as the devaluation of black lives after
Zimmerman's acquittal. Garza wrote a Facebook post titled "A Love Note to
Black People" in which she said: "Our Lives Matter, Black Lives
Matter". Cullors replied: "#BlackLivesMatter". Tometi then added
her support, and Black Lives Matter was born as an online campaign.[10]
Ferguson activism
Protests in Ferguson,
Missouri, August 17, 2014
In
August 2014, BLM members organized their first in-person national protest in
the form of a "Black Lives Matter Freedom Ride" to Ferguson,
Missouri after the shooting of Michael Brown.[10] More than five hundred members
descended upon Ferguson to participate in non-violent demonstrations. Of the
many groups that descended on Ferguson, Black Lives Matter emerged from
Ferguson as one of the best organized and most visible groups, becoming
nationally recognized as symbolic of the emerging movement.[10]
Since
then, Black Lives Matter has organized thousands of protests and
demonstrations. Expanding beyond street protests, BLM has expanded to activism
on American college campuses, such as the 2015–16 University of Missouri protests.[19]
Inclusivity of the movement
Black
Lives Matter incorporates those traditionally on the margins of black freedom
movements.[10] The organization's website, for
instance, states that Black Lives Matter is "a unique contribution that
goes beyond extrajudicial
killings of Black
people by police and vigilantes" and, embracing intersectionality, that "Black Lives Matter
affirms the lives of Black queer and trans folks, disabled folks, black-undocumented folks, folks with records, women and all Black lives along the gender
spectrum."[20] All three founders of the Black
Lives Matter movement are women, and Garza and Cullors identify as queer.[21] The founders believe that their
backgrounds have paved the way for Black Lives Matter to be an intersectional movement. Several hashtags such as
#BlackWomenMatter, #BlackGirlsMatter, #BlackQueerLivesMatter, and
#BlackTransLivesMatter have surfaced on the BLM website and throughout social
media networks. Marcia Chatelain, associate professor of history at Georgetown
University, has
praised BLM for allowing "young, queer women [to] play a central
role" in the movement.[22]
Black Lives Matter
supporters and allies gather inside the Minneapolis
City Hall rotunda on December 3, 2015, after an early morning
raid and eviction of demonstrators occupying the space outside the Minneapolis
Police Department's 4th Precinct, following the police shooting death of Jamar
Clark.
Structure and organization
Loose structure
The
phrase "Black Lives Matter" can refer to a Twitter hashtag, a slogan, a social movement, or a loose confederation of groups
advocating for racial justice. As a movement, Black Lives Matter is
decentralized, and leaders have emphasized the importance of local organizing
over national leadership.[23] Activist DeRay McKesson has commented that the movement
"encompasses all who publicly declare that black lives matter and devote
their time and energy accordingly."[24]
In 2013, Patrisse Cullors, Alicia Garza, and Opal Tometi
formed the Black Lives Matter Network. Alicia Garza described the network as an
online platform that existed to provide activists with a shared set of
principles and goals. Local Black Lives Matter chapters are asked to commit to
the organization's list of guiding principles, but operate without a central
structure or hierarchy. Alicia Garza has commented that the Network was not
interested in "policing who is and who is not part of the movement."[25][26] Currently, there are at least 30
Black Lives Matter chapters in the U.S., England, Canada, Australia, and Ghana.[4][27][28][29]
Notable Black Lives Matter activists include co-founder of
the Seattle Black Lives Matter chapter Marissa Johnson, lawyer and president of the
Minneapolis chapter of the NAACP Nekima
Levy-Pounds, and
writer Shaun
King. In a September
2016 interview with W. Kamau
Bell and Hari Kondabolu, King described himself as part of
the broader Black Lives Matter movement and supportive of the formal
organization Black Lives Matter, but not affiliated with the latter.[30]
The loose structure of Black Lives Matter has contributed to
confusion in the press and among activists, as actions or statements from
chapters or individuals are sometimes attributed to "Black Lives
Matter" as a whole.[31][32] Matt Pearce, writing for the Los Angeles Times, commented that "the words
could be serving as a political rallying cry or referring to the activist
organization. Or it could be the fuzzily applied label used to describe a wide
range of protests and conversations focused on racial inequality."[33]
Guiding
principles
According
to the Black Lives Matter website, there are thirteen guiding principles that
should apply to those who choose to become involved under the Black Lives
Matter banner, among them Diversity, Globalism, Empathy, Restorative
Justice and Intergenerational.[34]
Broader
movement
Concurrently, a
broader movement involving several other organizations and activists emerged
under the banner of "Black Lives Matter" as well.[4][35] For example, BLM is a member
organization of the Movement for Black Lives established to respond to sustained and increasingly visible violence
against black communities in the U.S. and globally.[36] In 2015 Johnetta Elzie, DeRay Mckesson, Brittany Packnett, and Samuel Sinyangwe, initiated Campaign Zero, aimed at promoting policy
reforms to end police brutality. The campaign released a ten-point plan for
reforms to policing, with recommendations including: ending broken windows policing, increasing community
oversight of police departments, and creating stricter guidelines for the use
of force.[37] New York Times reporter John Eligon reported that some activists had expressed concerns
that the campaign was overly focused on legislative remedies for police
violence.[38]
Strategies
and tactics
Black
Lives Matter originally used social media—including hashtag activism—to reach thousands of people rapidly.[10] Since then, Black Lives Matters has
embraced a diversity
of tactics.[39]
Internet
and social media
In
2014, the American Dialect Society chose #BlackLivesMatter as their word of the year.[40][41] Yes!
Magazine picked
#BlackLivesMatter as one of the twelve hashtags that changed the world in 2014.[42] Memes are also important in garnering support for the Black Lives
Matter new
social movement. Information communication technologies such as Facebook and Twitter spread memes and are important tools
for garnering web support in hopes of producing a spillover effect into the
offline world.[43] However, Blue Lives Matter and other opponents of BLM have
also used memes to criticize and parody the
movement,[44] especially its ignorance of how many
killings of black people are results of "black-on-black" crime.
As
of September 2016, the phrase "Black Lives Matter" has been tweeted
over 30 million times,[45] and Black Twitter has been credited with bringing
international attention to the BLM movement. Using the hashtag
#BlackLivesMatter has helped activists communicate the scale of their movement
to the wider online community and stand in solidarity amongst other
participants.[46]
Dr.
Khadijah White, a professor at Rutgers
University, argues
that BLM has ushered in a new era of black university student movements. The
ease with which bystanders can record graphic videos of police
violence and post them onto social media has driven activism all over the
world.[47]
Direct action
Black Lives Matter
demonstration in Oakland, California
BLM
generally engages in direct action tactics that make people
uncomfortable enough that they must address the issue.[48] BLM has been known to build power
through protest and rallies.[49] BLM has also staged die-ins and held one during the 2015 Twin
Cities Marathon.[50]
Political slogans used during demonstrations include
the eponymous "Black Lives Matter",
"Hands
up, don't shoot"
(a later discredited reference attributed to Michael Brown[51]), "I can't breathe"[52][53] (referring to Eric
Garner), "White silence is violence",[54] "No justice, no peace",[55][56] and "Is my son next?",[57] among others.
Media
Beyoncé's most recent production Lemonade
featured the mothers of Michael Brown,
Trayvon Martin, and Eric Garner, holding photographs of their sons.[58][59] The video for Beyoncé's single
"Formation" (2016) celebrates Southern black culture
and features a line of policemen holding up their hands while a hooded black
boy dances in front of them. The video also features a shot of graffiti on a wall reading "stop
shooting us".[60] Songs such as Kendrick Lamar's "Alright"
have been used as a rallying call at demonstrations.[61]
The
short documentary film Bars4Justice features brief appearances by
various activists and recording artists affiliated with the Black Lives Matter
movement. The film is an official selection of the 24th Annual Pan African Film Festival. Stay Woke: The Black Lives Matter Movement is a 2016 American television
documentary film starring Jesse
Williams about the
Black Lives Matter movement.[62][63]
Timeline of notable U.S. events and demonstrations
2014
In
2014, Black Lives Matter demonstrated against the deaths of numerous African
Americans by police actions, including those of Dontre Hamilton,
Eric
Garner, John Crawford III, Michael Brown,
Ezell
Ford, Laquan McDonald,
Akai
Gurley, Tamir
Rice, Antonio Martin,
and Jerame
Reid, among others.
In
July, Eric Garner died in New York City, after a New York City Police Department officer put him in a chokehold while arresting him. Garner's death
has been cited as one of several police killings of African Americans that
sparked the Black Lives Matter movement.[64]
In
August, during Labor Day weekend, Black Lives Matter organized a "Freedom
Ride", that brought more than 500 African-Americans from across the United
States into Ferguson,
Missouri, to support
the work being done on the ground by local organizations.[65][66] The movement continued to be
involved in the Ferguson
unrest, following
the death of Michael Brown.[67] Also in August, Los Angeles Police Department officers shot and killed Ezell
Ford. Following the
shooting, BLM protested his death in Los Angeles into 2015.[68]
In
November, a New York City Police Department officer shot and killed, Akai Gurley, a 28-year-old African-American man.
Gurley's death was later protested by Black Lives Matter in New York City.[69] In Oakland,
California, fourteen
Black Lives Matter activists were arrested after they stopped a Bay
Area Rapid Transit
(BART) train for more than an hour on Black
Friday, one of the
biggest shopping days of the year. The protest, led by Black Lives Matter
co-founder Alicia
Garza, was organized
in response to the grand jury decision not to indict Darren Wilson for the
death of Mike Brown.[70][71]
Also
in November, Tamir Rice, a 12-year-old African-American boy
was shot and killed by a Cleveland police officer. Rice's death has also been
cited as "sparking" the Black Lives Matter movement.[64][72][73]
A Black Lives Matter protest of police brutality in the
rotunda of the Mall of
America in Bloomington,
Minnesota
In
December, 2,000–3,000 people gathered at the Mall of America in Bloomington,
Minnesota, to
protest the killings of unarmed black men by police.[74] At least twenty members of a protest
that had been using the slogan were arrested.[75] In Milwaukee,
Wisconsin, BLM
protested the police shooting of Dontre Hamilton, who died in April.[76] Black Lives Matter protested the shooting of John Crawford III.[77] The shooting of Renisha McBride was protested by Black Lives Matter.[78] Also in December, in response to the
decision by the grand jury not to indict Darren Wilson on any charges related
to the death of Michael Brown, a protest march was held in Berkeley,
California. Later,
in 2015, protesters and journalists who participated in that rally filed a
lawsuit alleging "unconstitutional police attacks" on attendees.[79]
2015
In
2015, Black Lives Matter demonstrated against the deaths of numerous African
Americans by police actions, including those of Charley Leundeu Keunang, Tony Robinson,
Anthony Hill, Meagan Hockaday,
Eric Harris, Walter Scott, Freddie
Gray, William Chapman,
The Charleston Nine, Jonathan Sanders, Sandra
Bland, Samuel DuBose,
Jeremy McDole,
Corey
Jones, and Jamar
Clark, among others.
In
March, BLM protested at Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel's office, demanding reforms within
the Chicago Police Department.[80] Charley Leundeu Keunang, a 43-year-old Cameroonian national, was fatally shot
by Los Angeles Police Department officers. The LAPD arrested fourteen following BLM
demonstrations.[81]
A
demonstrator, wearing the uniform of the Orioles baseball team on the street in
Baltimore
In
April, Black Lives Matter across the United States protested over the death
of Freddie Gray
which included the 2015
Baltimore protests.[82][83] After the shooting of Walter Scott in North Charleston, South Carolina, Black Lives Matter protested
Scott's death and called for citizen oversight of police.[84]
In
May, a protest by BLM in San Francisco was part of a nationwide protest, Say Her Name, decrying the police killing of
black women and girls, which included the deaths of Meagan Hockaday,
Aiyana Jones, Rekia Boyd, and others.[85] In Cleveland, Ohio, after an officer was acquitted at
trial in the shooting of Timothy Russell and
Malissa Williams,
BLM protested.[86] In Madison,
Wisconsin, BLM
protested after the officer was not charged in the shooting of Tony Robinson.[87]
In
June, after Dylann Roof's shooting in a historically black church in Charleston, South Carolina, BLM issued a statement and condemned the shooting as an act
of terror.[88] BLM across the country marched,
protested and held vigil for several days after the shooting.[89][90] BLM was part of a march for peace on
the Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge in South Carolina.[91] After the Charleston shooting, a
number of memorials to the Confederate States of America were graffitied with "Black Lives Matter" or
otherwise vandalized.[92][93] Around 800 people protested in
McKinney, Texas after a video was released showing an officer pinning a girl—at a pool party in McKinney, Texas—to the ground with his knees.[94]
In
July, BLM activists across the United States began protests over the death
of Sandra Bland, an
African-American woman, who was allegedly found hanged in a jail cell in Waller
County, Texas.[95][96] In Cincinnati, Ohio, BLM rallied and protested the death
of Samuel DuBose
after he was shot and killed by a University of Cincinnati police officer.[97] In Newark,
New Jersey, over a
thousand BLM activists marched against police brutality, racial injustice, and
economic inequality.[98] Also in July, BLM protested the death of Jonathan Sanders who died while being arrested by police in Mississippi.[99][100]
One-year
commemoration of the shooting of Michael Brown and the Ferguson unrest at Barclays Center in Brooklyn, New York
In
August, BLM organizers held a rally in Washington, D.C., calling for a stop to violence
against transgender women.[101] In Charlotte, North Carolina, after a judge declared a mistrial in the trial of a white Charlotte
police officer who killed an unarmed black man, Jonathan Ferrell, BLM protested and staged die-ins.[102] In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Janelle Monáe, Jidenna, and other BLM activists marched
through North
Philadelphia to
bring awareness to police brutality and Black Lives Matter.[103] Around August 9, the first
anniversary of Michael Brown's death, BLM rallied, held vigil and marched in St. Louis and across the country.[104][105]
In
September, over five hundred BLM protesters in Austin, Texas rallied against police brutality,
and several briefly carried protest banners onto Interstate 35.[106] In Baltimore,
Maryland, BLM
activists marched and protested as hearings began in the Freddie
Gray police brutality case.[107] In Sacramento,
California, about
eight hundred BLM protesters rallied to support a California Senate bill that would increase police
oversight.[108] BLM protested the shooting of Jeremy McDole.[109]
In
October, Black Lives Matters activists were arrested during a protest of a
police chiefs conference in Chicago.[110] "Rise Up October"
straddled the Black Lives Matter Campaign, and brought several protests.[111] Quentin Tarantino and Cornel West, participating in "Rise Up
October", decried police violence.[112] Protest March in response to the Jamar
Clark shooting,
Minneapolis, Minnesota
An
activist holds a "Black Lives Matter" sign outside the Minneapolis
Police Fourth Precinct building following the officer-involved shooting of
Jamar Clark on November 15, 2015.
In
November, BLM activists protested after Jamar
Clark was shot by Minneapolis Police Department.[113] A continuous protest was organized
at the Minneapolis 4th Precinct Police. During the encamped protest, protestors
and outside agitators clashed with police, vandalized the station and attempted
to ram the station with an SUV.[114][115] Later that month a march was
organized to honor Jamar Clark, from the 4th Precinct to downtown Minneapolis.
After the march, a group of men carrying firearms and body armor[116] appeared and began calling the
protesters racial slurs according to a spokesperson for Black Lives Matter.
After protesters asked the armed men to leave, the men opened fire, shooting
five protesters.[117][118] All injuries required hospitalization,
but were not life-threatening. The men fled the scene only to be found later
and arrested. The three men arrested were young and white, and observers called
them white
supremacists.[119][120] In February 2017, one of the men
arrested, Allen Scarsella, was convicted of a dozen felony counts of assault
and riot in connection with the shooting. Based in part on months of racist
messages Scarsella had sent his friends before the shooting, the judge rejected
arguments by his defense that Scarsella was "naïve" and sentenced him
in April 2017 to 15 years out of a maximum 20-year sentence.[121][122]
From
November into 2016, BLM protested the shooting death of Laquan McDonald, calling for the resignation of numerous Chicago officials
in the wake of the shooting and its handling. McDonald was shot 16 times by
Chicago Police Officer Jason Van Dyke.[123]
2016
In
2016, Black Lives Matter demonstrated against the deaths of numerous African
Americans by police actions, including those of Bruce Kelley Jr., Alton Sterling,
Philando Castile, Joseph
Mann, Abdirahman Abdi,
Paul
O'Neal, Korryn Gaines,
Sylville
Smith, Terence Crutcher, Keith Lamont Scott, Alfred Olango,
and Deborah Danner,
among others.
In
January, hundreds of BLM protesters marched in San Francisco to protest the December 2, 2015,
shooting death of Mario Woods, who was shot by San
Francisco Police officers.
The march was held during a Super Bowl event.[124] BLM held protests, community
meetings, teach-ins and direct actions across the country with the goal of
restoring the radical legacy of Martin
Luther King Jr.[125]
In
February, Abdullahi Omar Mohamed, a 17-year-old Somali refugee, was shot and injured by Salt Lake City, Utah police after allegedly being involved in a confrontation
with another person. The shooting led to BLM protests.[126]
In
June, members of BLM and Color of Change protested the California conviction
and sentencing of Jasmine Richards for a 2015 incident in which she attempted
to stop a police officer from arresting another woman. Richards was convicted
of "attempting to unlawfully take a person from the lawful custody of a
peace officer", a charge that the state penal code had designated as
"lynching"
until that word was removed two months prior to the incident.[127]
On
July 5, Alton Sterling, a 37-year-old black man, was shot
several times at point blank range while pinned to the ground by two white
Baton Rouge Police Department officers in Baton
Rouge, Louisiana. On
the night of July 5, more than 100 demonstrators in Baton Rouge shouted
"no justice, no peace," set off fireworks, and blocked an
intersection to protest Sterling's death.[128] On July 6, Black Lives Matter held a
candlelight
vigil in Baton
Rouge, with chants of "We love Baton Rouge" and calls for justice.[129]
On
July 6, Philando
Castile was fatally
shot by Jeronimo Yanez, a St.
Anthony, Minnesota
police officer, after being pulled over in Falcon Heights,
a suburb of St.
Paul. Castile was
driving a car with his girlfriend and her 4-year-old daughter as passengers
when he was pulled over by Yanez and another officer.[130] According to his girlfriend, after
being asked for his license and registration, Castile told the officer he was
licensed to carry
a weapon and had one
in the car.[131] She stated: "The officer said
don't move. As he was putting his hands back up, the officer shot him in the
arm four or five times."[132] She live-streamed a video on Facebook in the immediate aftermath of the
shooting. Following the fatal shooting of Castile, BLM protested throughout
Minnesota and the United States.[133]
On
July 7, a BLM protest was held in Dallas, Texas that was organized to protest
the deaths of Alton Sterling
and Philando Castile. At the end of the peaceful protest, Micah Xavier Johnson opened fire in an ambush, killing five police officers and wounding seven
others and two civilians. The gunman was then killed by a robot-delivered bomb.[134] Before he died, according to police,
Johnson said that "he was upset about Black Lives Matter", and that
"he wanted to kill white people, especially white officers."[135][135] Texas Lt. Governor Dan Patrick
and other conservative lawmakers blamed the shootings on the Black Lives Matter
movement.[136][137] The Black Lives Matter network
released a statement denouncing the shootings.[138][139][140] On July 8, more than 100 people were
arrested at Black Lives Matter protests across the United States.[141]
In
the first half of July, there were at least 112 protests in 88 American cities.[142] In July 2016, NBA
stars LeBron
James, Carmelo Anthony, Chris Paul, and Dwyane Wade opened the 2016 ESPY Awards with a Black Lives Matter message.[143] On July 26, Black Lives Matter held
a protest in Austin,
Texas, to mark the
third anniversary of the shooting death of Larry Jackson Jr.[144] On July 28, Chicago Police Department officers shot
Paul O'Neal in the back and killed him following a car chase.[145] After the shooting, hundred marched
in Chicago,
Illinois.[146]
In Randallstown,
Maryland, near Baltimore, on August 1, 2016, police officers shot and killed Korryn Gaines, a 23-year-old African-American woman, also shooting and
injuring her son.[147] Gaines' death was protested
throughout the country.[148]
In
August, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Black Lives Matter protested the death of Bruce Kelley Jr.
who was shot after fatally stabbing a police dog while trying to escape from
police the previous January.[149]
Beginning
in August, several professional athletes have participated in the 2016 U.S. national anthem protests. The protests began in the National Football League (NFL) after Colin Kaepernick of the San
Francisco 49ers sat
during the anthem, as opposed to the tradition of standing, before his team's
third preseason game of 2016.[150] During a post-game interview he
explained his position stating, "I am not going to stand up to show pride
in a flag for a country that oppresses black people and people of color. To me, this is bigger than football
and it would be selfish on my part to look the other way. There are bodies in
the street and people getting paid leave and getting away with murder,"[151] a protest widely interpreted as in
solidarity with the Black Lives Matter movement.[152][153][154] The protests have generated mixed
reactions, and have since spread to other U.S. sports leagues.
In
September 2016, BLM protested the shooting deaths by police officers of Terence Crutcher in Tulsa, Oklahoma, and Keith
Lamont Scott in Charlotte, North Carolina.[155][156][157] The Charlotte Observer reported "The protesters began to gather as night fell,
hours after the shooting. They held signs that said 'Stop Killing Us' and
'Black Lives Matter,' and they chanted 'No justice, no peace.' The scene was
sometimes chaotic and tense, with water bottles and stones chucked at police
lines, but many protesters called for peace and implored their fellow
demonstrators not to act violently."[158] Multiple nights of protests from
September to October 2016 were held in El
Cajon, California,
following the shooting of Alfred Olango.[159][160]
2017
In
2017, in Black
History Month, a
month-long "Black Lives Matter" art exhibition was organized by three
Richmond, Virginia artists at the First Unitarian Universalist Church in the Byrd Park area of the city.
The show featured more than 30 diverse multicultural artists on a theme
exploring racial equality and justice.[161]
In
the same month Virginia Commonwealth University's James Branch Cabell Library focused
on a month-long schedule of events relating to Black history[162] and showed photos from the church's
"Black Lives Matter" exhibition on its outdoor screen.[163] The VCU
schedule of events included: the Real Life Film Series The Angry Heart: The
Impact of Racism on Heart Disease among African-Americans; Keith Knight
presented the 14th Annual VCU Libraries Black History Month lecture; Lawrence Ross, author of the book Blackballed:
The Black and White Politics of Race on America's Campuses talked about how
his book related to the "Black Lives Matter" movement; and Velma P. Scantlebury, M.D., the first black female
transplant surgeon in the United States, discussed "Health Equity in
Kidney Transplantation: Experiences from a surgeon's perspective."
Black
Lives Matter protested the shooting of Jocques Clemmons which occurred in Nashville,
Tennessee on
February 10, 2017.[164] On May 12, 2017, a day after Glenn Funk, the district attorney of Davidson County
decided not to prosecute police officer Joshua Lippert, the Nashville chapter
of BLM held a demonstration near the Vanderbilt
University campus
all the way to the residence of Nashville mayor Megan Barry.[165][166]
BLM
international movement
Black
Lives Matter protest at Union Square, Manhattan
In
2015, after the death
of Freddie Gray in Baltimore,
Maryland, black
activists around the world modeled efforts for reform on Black Lives Matter and
the Arab Spring.[10][167] This international movement has been
referred to as the "Black Spring".[168][169] Connections have also been forged
with parallel international efforts such as the Dalit rights movement.[170]
Australia
In
July 2016, a BLM rally was organized in Melbourne, Australia, in which 3,500 people
attended. The protest also emphasized on the issues of mistreatment of Aboriginal
Australians by the
Australian police and government.[171]
In
May 2017, Black Lives Matter was awarded the Sydney
Peace Prize, which
"honours a nominee who has promoted 'peace with justice', human rights and
non-violence".[172]
Canada
In
July 2015, BLM protesters shut down Allen Road in Toronto, Ontario, protesting the
shooting deaths of two black men in the metropolitan area—Andrew Loku and
Jermaine Carby—at the hands of police.[173] In September, BLM activists shut
down streets in Toronto, rallied against police brutality, and stood in
solidarity with marginalized black lives. Black Lives Matter was a featured
part of the Take
Back the Night event
in Toronto.[174]
In
June 2016, Black Lives Matter was selected by Pride Toronto as the honoured group in that year's
Pride parade, during which they staged a sit-in to block the parade from moving
forward for approximately half an hour.[175] They issued a number of demands for
Pride to adjust its relationship with LGBTQ people of colour, including stable funding and a suitable
venue for the established Blockrama event, improved diversity in the
organization's staff and volunteer base, and most famously that Toronto
Police officers be
banned from marching in the parade in uniform.[176]
Pride executive director Mathieu
Chantelois signed
BLM's statement of demand, but later asserted that he had signed it only to end
the sit-in and get the parade moving, and had not agreed to honour the demands.[177]
In
late August 2016, the Toronto chapter protested outside the Special Investigations Unit in Mississauga in response to the death of Abdirahman Abdi, who died during an arrest in Ottawa.[178]
United
Kingdom
On
August 4, 2016, BLM protesters blocked the London
Heathrow Airport in London, England. Several demonstrators chained
themselves together and lay against the motorway leading to the airport.[179][180] Ten people were arrested in
connection with the incident. There were also BLM-themed protests in other
English cities including Birmingham and Nottingham. The UK-held protests marked the
fifth anniversary of the shooting death
of Mark Duggan.[181]
On
June 25, 2017, BLM supporters protested in Stratford, London the death
of Edson Da Costa,
who died in police custody. There were no arrests made at the protest.[182][183]
2016
U.S. presidential election
Bern
Machine with a BLM sticker, September 18, 2015
Primaries
Democrats
At
the Netroots
Nation Conference in
July 2015, dozens of Black Lives Matter activists took over the stage at an
event featuring Martin
O'Malley and Bernie
Sanders. Activists, including Black Lives Matter co-founder Patrisse Cullors,
asked both candidates for specific policy proposals to address deaths in police
custody.[184] The protesters chanted several
slogans, including "if I die in police custody, burn everything
down". After conference organizers pleaded with the protesters for several
minutes, O'Malley responded by pledging to release a wide-ranging plan for
criminal justice reform. Protesters later booed O'Malley when he stated
"Black lives matter. White lives matter. All lives matter."[185] O'Malley later apologized for his
remarks, saying that he did not mean to disrespect the black community.[185]
On
August 8, 2015, a speech by Democratic presidential candidate and civil rights activist Bernie Sanders was disrupted by a group from the
Seattle Chapter of Black Lives Matter including chapter co-founder Marissa Johnson[186] who walked onstage, seized the
microphone from him and called his supporters racists and white supremacists.[187][188][189] Sanders issued a platform in
response.[190] Nikki Stephens, the operator of a
Facebook page called "Black Lives Matter: Seattle" issued an apology
to Sanders' supporters, claiming these actions did not represent her
understanding of BLM.
She
was then sent messages by members of the Seattle Chapter which she described as
threatening, and was forced to change the name of her group to "Black in
Seattle". The founders of Black Lives Matter stated that they had not
issued an apology.[191] In August 2015, the Democratic National Committee passed a resolution supporting Black Lives Matter.[192]
In the first Democratic primary debate, the presidential
candidates were asked whether black lives matter or all lives matter.[193] In reply, Bernie Sanders stated, "Black lives
matter."[193] Martin O'Malley said, "Black lives
matter," and that the "movement is making is a very, very legitimate
and serious point, and that is that as a nation we have undervalued the lives
of black lives, people of color."[194] In response,
Hillary Clinton pushed for criminal justice reform, and said,
"We need a new New Deal for communities of color."[195] Jim Webb, on the other hand, replied:
"As the president of the United States, every life in this country
matters."[193] Hillary Clinton was not directly asked the same
question, but was instead asked: "What would you do for African Americans
in this country that President Obama couldn't?"[196]
Clinton had already met with Black Lives Matter
representatives, and emphasized what she described as a more pragmatic approach
to enacting change, stating "Look, I don't believe you change hearts. I
believe you change laws". Without policy change, she felt "we'll be
back here in 10 years having the same conversation."[197] In June 2015, Clinton used the
phrase "all lives matter" in a speech about the opportunities of
young people of color, prompting backlash that she may misunderstand the
message of "Black Lives Matter"[198][199]
A week after the first Democratic primary debate was held in
Las Vegas, BLM launched a petition targeted at the DNC and its chairwoman Debbie Wasserman Schultz demanding more debates, and "specifically for a
#BlackLivesMatter themed Presidential debate."[200][201] The petition received over 10,000
signatures within 24 hours of being launched,[202] and had over 33,000 signatures as of
October 27, 2015.[203]
The DNC said that it would permit presidential candidates to
attend a presidential town hall organized by activists, but that it would not
add another debate to its official schedule.[204] In response, the organization
released a press statement on its Facebook page stating that "[i]n
consultation with our chapters, our communities, allies, and supporters, we
remain unequivocal that a Presidential Town Hall with support from the DNC does
not sufficiently respond to the concerns raised by our members",
continuing to demand a full additional debate.[202]
After
the first debate, in October 2015, a speech by Hillary Clinton on criminal justice reform and race
at Atlanta University Center was interrupted by BLM activists.[205]
In
February 2016, two Black Lives Matters activists protested at a private
fundraiser for Clinton about statements she made in 1996 in which she referred
to young people as "super-predators". One of the activists wanted
Clinton to apologize for "mass incarceration" in connection with her
support for her husband, then-President Bill Clinton's 1994 criminal reform law.[206]
Republicans
Republican candidates have been mostly critical of BLM. In
August 2015, Ben Carson, the only African American vying for
the Republican nomination for the presidency, called the movement
"silly".[207] Carson also said that BLM should
care for all black lives, not just a few.[208] In the first Republican presidential
debate, which took place in Cleveland, one question referenced
Black Lives Matter.[209] In response to the question, Scott Walker
advocated for the proper training of law enforcement[209] and blamed the movement for rising
anti-police sentiment,[210] while Marco Rubio was the first candidate to publicly
sympathize with the movement's point of view.[211]
In
August 2015, activists chanting "Black Lives Matter" interrupted the
Las Vegas rally of Republican presidential candidate Jeb Bush.[212] As Bush exited early, some of his
supporters started responding to the protesters by chanting "white lives
matter" or "all lives matter".[213]
Several conservative pundits have labeled the movement a
"hate group".[214] Candidate Chris Christie, the New Jersey Governor, criticized
President
Obama for supporting
BLM, stating that the movement calls for the murder of police officers.[215] Christie's statement was condemned
by New Jersey chapters of the NAACP and ACLU.[216]
BLM activists also called on the Republican National Committee to have a presidential debate focused on issues of racial
justice.[217] The RNC, however, declined to alter
their debate schedule, and instead also supported a townhall or forum.[204]
In November 2015, a BLM protester was physically assaulted at
a Donald
Trump rally in Birmingham,
Alabama. In
response, Trump said, "maybe he should have been roughed up because it was
absolutely disgusting what he was doing."[218] Trump had previously threatened to
fight any Black Lives Matter protesters if they attempted to speak at one of
his events.[219]
Anti-Trump
protest in NYC, beginning of day, March 19, 2016
In
March 2016, Black Lives Matter helped organize the 2016 Donald Trump Chicago rally protest that forced Trump to cancel the
event.[220][221] Four individuals were arrested and
charged in the incident. Two were "charged with felony aggravated battery
to a police officer and resisting arrest", one was "charged with two
misdemeanor counts of resisting and obstructing a peace officer", and the
fourth "was charged with one misdemeanor count of resisting and
obstructing a peace officer".[222] A CBS
reporter was one of those arrested outside the rally. He was charged with
resisting arrest.[223]
General
election
A
group called Mothers
of the Movement,
which includes the mothers of Michael Brown, Sandra Bland, Eric Garner, and
other mothers whose "unarmed African-American children have been killed by
law enforcement or due to gun violence,"[224] addressed the 2016 Democratic National Convention on July 26.[225][226]
Commenting
on the first of 2016 Presidential debates between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump, some media outlets
characterized Clinton's references to implicit bias and systemic racism[227] as speaking "the language of
the Black Lives Matter movement,"[228] while others pointed out neither
Clinton nor Trump used the words "Black Lives Matter."[229]
In
a Washington
Post op-ed, DeRay Mckesson endorsed Hillary Clinton, because
her "platform on racial justice is strong". He articulated that
voting alone is not the only way to bring about "transformational
change". He said that "I voted my entire life, and I was still
tear-gassed in the streets of St. Louis and Baltimore. I voted my entire life,
and those votes did not convict the killers of Sandra Bland, Freddie Gray or
Michael Brown".[230][231]
Second and foremost to United
States of Appeals Court Fifth Circuit and Before the Court Slave Negro U.S.
Judge George C. Hanks, Jr. With the (1800s Colonial Harvard and Duke Law
degrees) pursuant to
USPS First Class Mail 9400 1118 9922 3387 4828 41 U.S. Docket No. 3:16-MC-00016
17- 40068, Case No. 17 – 40280
Before the Court Slave Negro U.S.
Judge George C. Hanks, Jr. and collectively as we are “Speaking technically in law and equity of
your “Hostile Judicial Government et al so biased United States of Appeals
Court Fifth Circuit ROA.17 – 40068.6-8
Pro Se Counsel of Record Louis Charles Hamilton II Cmdr. of
the (entire) United States Naval Service) Officially “Already and the “Entire
(USN Secret Service) in direct Representation of the official 44.5 Million plus
“Black Lives Matter” as the records do indicate in these files, before both
Judicial Court House District and Appeals Courts as the record excerpts being
destroyed,
Manipulated,
switch up, and in some case completely vanished while in this “Legal Affair of
now requirement of some Corporation status to further “proceed in hiring some
“worthless back stabbing RICO Fraud attorney” while “Legal the Court Has
not fully “Hung “Black Lives Matter” case now on “Appeal, case No. 17 – 40068,
August 12, 2017, which this acting under color of law RICO courthouse ruffian
“bootleg spoiled yeast drunken Klansmen’s “making America great affair”, to
produce among other things actual “counterfeit and forgery” fully filed and
government published Legal briefs, claimed to be the “Attorney-work”
produced of the
“Counsel of Record Plaintiffs “Black Lives Matter” , the
“alleged Corporation” need a “Attorney…? To further proceed by Court Orders United States of Appeals Court, which actually stated a conflict
of interest when there is the issues as described in paragraph 1 – 3 above
quite legally binding case citing in direct conflict of See In Re K.M.A., Inc., 652, F.2d 398, 399 (5th Cir 1981), as
the records do indicate on June 21st 2017 United States of Appeals
Court, dismissed Black Lives Matter under Pro Se Counsel of Record
representation, which now additional “Probable Cause” and for the
direct issue of said ARREST WARRANT(s)
For Defendants Reavley, Dennis, and Higginson, Circuit Judges
for the Fifth Circuit committed to each Count(s) singularly and collectively
premeditated RICO obstruction denied “Writ of Mandamus”, on behalf of
Chief Defendant Donald John Trump Sr. while physically with
the Texas Federal District Court”, and the “Appeal Court of Fifth Circuit”
collectively violently actually destroying evidenced of all pro se plaintiff
(Attorney work product) material evidenced, and exhibit(s) all done ongoing
well “smart judicial criminals acting under color of law late nights physically
in overtime to study precise to foil the actual
Slavery History data, make the “pro se plaintiff seem a
babbling fool really confused as these files are mixed up, cut up, and some
actually missing in the “record excerpts” of defendant (United States Federal
Court House) as described Case 17 – 20313 Document: 00513999498 Page: 1 Date
filed 05/19/2017dated May 11th 2017 Re: No. 17 – 20313 Louis Hamilton, II v.
USA, et al, request signature on Notice of “Appeal” however this was very
fraudulent, as filed in United States Court Southern District of Texas May 03
2017 “ROA.17-20321.1005 Signature in sealed under right thumb print and last
four Social Security No. 2712 Cmdr. U.S. Navy (Secret Service) under notary
seal of the
State
of Texas date 2nd day of May Cc: Queen Elizabeth II, Princess Elizabeth
Alexandra Mary, Cc: Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, KG, KT, PC, ADC (William
Arthur Philip Louis) Cc: Prince Henry of Wales, KCVO, (Henry Charles Albert
David) Cc: Prime Minister Theresa Mary May at the British Consulate 1301 Fannin
Street Houston Texas 77002-7014, which defendant “Fifth Circuit Court of
Appeals” Clerk of Court Office” working
RICO fraud documents and destruction of the case file “magic”
(again) submitted the pro se plaintiff (Hamilton) to submit a second signature
while scuttling (34) Attorney of Record work product “Pro Se” Material Facts of
the precise Slavery History of Plaintiffs Black Lives Matter” in this Notice of
Appeal “Hamilton vs. Joe Czyzyk, Chirman, CEO, Board of Directors, US Vets
United States Veterans Imitative et al (pages) “ROA.17-20321.971 – “ROA.17 –
20321.1005, which (34) pages appear is missing..?
But not in “pro se Plaintiff copy of the record excerpts,…?
Only at the “Fifth Court of Appeals” Records, as the request was made to alter
page at “ROA.17-20321.971 to be required for signature when the rest of the
document being scuttled, missing, deleted, and WTF are you talking “about, as
the Court request this twice and did so received both with one dated Monday May
15th 2017 with
Tracking No. 9405 5118 9922 3755 8516 54 with the second
signature dated June 26th 2017 and mailed in with letter dated 26th of June
2017 under seal of Cmdr. # 2712 (Secret Service) US Navies and tracking also
attached, which the District Court Fraud forcing 4 appeal, as the Notice of
Appeal being duplicated for Case 4: 16 –CV- 00964 Document 58 Filed in Texas SD
on 05/01/17 Hamilton Vs. United States of America et al, which document of the
Appeal “ROA. 17 – 20313.1079 being the same page the
“Court of Appeals” requesting to modify the text of the
Notice of “Appeal” when both Appeals having (2) signatures both under notary
seal, as additional documents missing at “ROA 17 – 20313.780 just a single
“page” of this entire document being “Appeal Records” gone again…? from actual
Federal Court Records, held in a Computer…?
All being on the behalf of Chief Defendants 45TH President
Donald John Trump sr. as any legal document ID his crimes, action, and proof of
crimes committed by this “particular defendant” vanished, with addition
document, and exhibit missing that shows guilt on part of defendant “United
States of America et al crimes against “humanity for “enslavement” of44.5
Million
Plaintiffs Black Lives Matter” all criminal, obstruction of
Justice to avoid defendant (USA) et al physical crimes ownership of in 2013
having legal possession, custody and control over 44.5 Million Slaves since
1865 “Civil War” in already committed proven RICO crimes committed past and
present by defendant (USA) et al, as a “Whole” and all direct compensation
entitlements to
“Plaintiff Slaves well over due since 1865 as when under the
“manipulation of judicial decree” data concerning “slavery history” of “United
States of America” ruling on “Pro Se Plaintiff Hamilton 44.5 Million Black
Lives Matter official “Writ of Mandamus” of “Moot” by
(Defendants) Reavley, Dennis, and Higginson Circuit Judges
for the Fifth Circuit committed them three white wise men self to being RICO
Principals, Co-conspirators and accessories after the “material facts” present
by “pro se plaintiff “with joint” official higher education Law Degree’s
“Clever extra special “three white wise men” deliberation, consideration of
(Defendants) Reavley, Dennis, and Higginson, Circuit Judges
for the Fifth Circuit against “Moot Slave Negro Brothers” forever in 2017 – 2099
seal in time slavery time : )
“Moot 1 Chief Negro Slave Judge Carl E. Stewart and “Moot 2
Negro Slave Judge James E. Graves Jr. being (actual) Plaintiff 44.5 Million a
“party to this action “Black Lives Matter” being Born physically Slaves at
birth, which there “freedom papers official filed” into several court and
“appeal court records proof them being beside “Federal Judges” a direct real
legal
Human Slave Plaintiffs same as 44.5 Plaintiffs Black Lives
Matter” as the court itself “seal the deal
“Check Mate” notwithstanding most outlandish COURT OF
APPEALS FIFTH CIRCUIT, Reavley, Dennis, and Higginson, Circuit Judges for the
Fifth Circuit with deliberation, conscious technical assistance being under
color of law intent further being a “civil/criminal RICO “party” to direct
violation of “International Law” of United Nations Global Programme against
Money Laundering, Proceeds of Crime, and the
Financing of Terrorism
(GPML) as Reavley, Dennis, and Higginson, Circuit Judges for the Fifth Circuit
engaged directly as “Principles” in Facilitate the concealment of the origins
of illegally obtained money of
Chief Defendant 45th President Donald John Trump Sr.
collectively Reavley, Dennis, and Higginson, Circuit Judges for the Fifth
Circuit in direct violation of defendant (USA) own rules of laws pursuant 18
U.S. Code § 2 – Principals, in the commission of civil/criminal crimes against
The Money Laundering Control Act of 1986 (Public Law 99-570) is a United States
Act of Congress that made money laundering a federal crime, upon which of
Chief Defendant 45th President Donald John Trump Sr. having
been in a “long uncivilized history” in the process of making illegally-gained
proceeds (i.e. "dirtymoney") appear legal (i.e. "clean") as
“Plaintiffs” / pro se Plaintiffs “Black Lives Matter too, actually being
defendant (USA) et al official Naval Intelligence Secret Service since 1982
well into a (top security classified) investigation into the many numerous
world-wide scheme of things, of this particular
Chief Defendant 45th President Donald John Trump Sr. of which
a major undertaken by a network of The defendant U.S. intelligence community
vast, 17 distinct organizations each operating under its own shroud of secrecy
including “Five Eyes” MI6, and several defendant (USA) et al AG office(s) on
state level for 19 years since 1997 – 2016 defendant (USA) et al Judicial
Corruption being aid and abetting against a white supremacy gang having assistance
by the defendant (USA) et al very own
“Federal Court System fraud principle in direct and indirect
money laundering cover up scheme of thing in government judicial decree “err”
against the detect and prevent money laundering scheme against the UN “United
Nations” conventions and other instruments that deal with money laundering
accused by defendant very own government records against
Chief Defendant 45th President Donald John Trump Sr. and his
accused world –wide terrorism financing in several 2016 Federal Complaints now
on appeal, as this very confusing August 9th 2017 seeking a respond
to further proceed while already being hacked up proceed “Black Lives Matter”,
long before the hostile court “err” to have now 4 Fraudulent Courts of Appeals
against
44.5 Million Plaintiffs Black Lives matter..? in light of
this addition request of nothing but “whites supremacy” 1800s Colonial America
Legal trash, dated August 9th 2017 having no real meaning other then
facts when Black Lives Matter”, already before the Appeal Court 17 – 400068
(2017) current waiting for the “Lynching” like the “Writ of Mandamus” lynching
No. 17 – 40280 USDC No. 3: 16 –MC – 16 Just got dismissed on June 21st
2017…?
On August 9th 2017
United States of Appeals Court, requesting in “connection with this “Appeal” in
the case on behalf of “Black Lives Matter”, decision of this Court which holds
that a Corporation is a fictional legal entity which can be represented only by
a licensed counsel and cannot be represent by an officer of the “corporation
who is not an “attorney”.
See In Re K.M.A., Inc., 652, F.2d
398, 399 (5th Cir 1981) therefore, unless you are an attorney
licensed to practice before this Court, you may not represent this party in this appeal. Please notify this office within
15 days of this date whether you will be retaining counsel to represent this
party, or you may file a motion advising why the cited authority does not
preclude you from representation. Failure to comply will result in dismissal of
the appeal on behalf of the party name above.
In
The United States District Court
For
The Southern District of Texas
Slave
Negro Pro Se Plaintiff Louis Charles Hamilton II USN SS # 2712
President
Negro Slave Barack Hussein (Water-Head) Obama II
Negro
Slave Michelle LaVaughn Robinson Obama
Negro
Slave Natasha Obama,
Negro
Slave Malia Ann Obama
U.S. Docket No. 3:16-MC-00016
Plaintiff
Rachel Ann Hamilton (Wife)
Slave Plaintiffs (Notice of Appeal)
Negro
Slave Chandra D. Hamilton (Daughter)
Negro
Slave Natasha Hamilton
(Daughter)
Negro
Slave Aaron Michael Halvorsen (Hamilton
II)
Negro
Slave Craig Robinson
Negro
Slave Marian Shields Robinson
Negro
Slave Rachel Meghan Markle
President
Abe Lincoln
President
John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy
Robert
Francis "Bobby" Kennedy
Negro
Slave Dred Scott
Negro
Slave Harriet Tubman
Negro
Slave Rev. Doctor Martin Luther King Jr.
Negro
Slave Deadria Farmer-Paellmann
Negro
Slave Plaintiff LeBron Raymone James
Negro
Slave Colin Rand Kaepernick
Negro
Slave Plaintiff Petty Officer 2nd Class Janaye Ervin,
Negro
Slave Officer CPL. MONTRELL Jackson, 32, Baton Rouge Police Department,
Negro
Slave Gavin Eugene Long
Negro
Slave Micah Xavier Johnson
Negro
Slave Plaintiff Philando Castile
Negro
Slave Alton Sterling
Negro
Slave Carnell Snell Jr.
Negro
Slave Korryn Gaines
Negro
Slave Keith Lamar Scott
Negro
Slave Terence Crutcher
Negro
Slave MarShawn M. McCarrel II
Negro
Slave Philando Castile
Negro
Slave Alton Sterling
Negro
Slave Michael Brown
Negro
Slave Malcolm X born Malcolm Little
Negro
Slave Medgar Wiley Evers
Negro
Slave Andrew Jackson Young, Jr.
Negro
Slave Eric Marlon Bishop, “Jamie Foxx” (“Django”)
Negro
Slave Samuel L. Jackson
Negro
Slave Oprah Gail Winfrey
Negro
Slave Plaintiff Denzel Hayes Washington Jr.
Negro
Slave Caryn Elaine Johnson Whoopi Goldberg
Negro
Slave Wesley Snipes
Negro
Slave Marion Hugh "Suge" Knight Jr
Negro
Slave Eric Garner,
Negro
Slave Michael Brown,
Negro
Slave Tamir Rice,
Negro
Slave Walter Scott,
Negro
Slave Freddie Gray
Negro
Slave Laquan McDonald.”
Negro
Slave Veteran Jeffery Tavery
Negro
Slave Veteran Robert Vaughan
Negro
Slave Veteran Keno Miller
Plaintiff
Negro Slave Veteran Avery Brown
“Plaintiff
1865 “Freeman Bureau”
“Plaintiff
“Black Lives Matter”
Plaintiff
Slave Negro US Veteran Exactly 1.8 (Million)
Plaintiff
Negro Slaves 42.7 Million
Plaintiff
British Empire et al (Prince Williams, Prince Harry & British Queen)
Plaintiff
Negro DNA Slave British Empire Immigrants
Plaintiff
(allies) Albania, - Plaintiff (allies) Qatar
Plaintiff
Negro DNA Slave “Immigrant” Anguilla
- Plaintiff Negro DNA Slave “Immigrant” West Indies
Plaintiff
Negro DNA Slave “Immigrant” Algeria –
Plaintiff
Negro DNA Slave “Immigrant” Zimbabwe
-
Negro Plaintiff Slaves DNA affirm of Absentee – shawneee Tribe of Indians of
Oklahoma
Vs.
Defendant
45th President Donald John Trump Sr. et al
Defendant
United States of America et al
Before
the Court”, Property of the United States of America, Slave Negro U.S Federal
Judge George Carol Hanks, Jr. (born into slavery servitude of USA in 1964),
USPS First Class Mail 9400 1118 9922 3387 4828 41
Notwithstanding the Grand scheme of Fifth Circuit Court of
Appeals” in this criminal additional false entry in judicial decree court
official government record that is kept, in USDC claiming to made, or used to
show “Counterfeit and forgery Federal “Civil Action” further claimed and Utter
as Counsel of Record in these
Judicial Government decree attest by official: Lyle W. Cayce
“Clerk of The United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit” By: Dawn M.
Shulin, Deputy Clerk entered at the direction of the court Certified as true
copy and issued as the mandate on Sep 09, 2016 in the matter No. 16- 20559
Louis Charles Hamilton II Plaintiff – Appellant v. UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA, Chief Defendant; United States OF AMERICA CONGRESS; UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA SUPREME COURT; VLADIMIR VLADIMIRVICH PUTIN Defendants –
Appellees
As “pro se plaintiff” wondering this cause of action listed
and “Just How all these fraudulent forgery utter as true Government
records ”keep popping Mail and wire fraud RICO “obstruction of justice up and
oddly criminally having my Name both persons Cmdr. on them as acting legal
Counsel of record “pro se”, while I need (now) as the Court Ruling
On
August 9th 2017 United States of Appeals Court, required Black Lives Matter” needs
what “Crooked Attorney” to assist what further destruction on behalf .? The
United States Court of Appeals for the “Infamous Fifth Circuit”
4
Third and Foremost filed January 3rd 2017 Case No.
3:16-mc-00016 Document 2 Filed in TXSD page 1of 32 sworn under Public Notary
Motion before the Court requiring expedited hearing on “Cease and Desist Order” against President
Donald John Trump Sr. accompany “Emergency Application”, with all 44.5 Million
plus
“Plaintiff Black Lives Matter” listed herein, which is on
appeal against Chief Defendant “Donald John Trump Sr. for among other things
“Inciting National Rioting”, within the Jurisdiction of Defendant (USA) et, as
this was Denied, all actual physical evidence, even FBI reports, having no
“meaning” before the Court, in this regards, as on or about further incited hate
crimes speech, violence and dominance for profit, of (Trump) actual
President position in 2017 June – August inciting further
“Police to be Abusive”, which being very hostile and aggressive towards what
constitutional civil rights on behalf of 44.5
“Captive” Slaves Plaintiff “Black Lives Matter” as this threat was made
even on
Sworn in Day of Oval Office of the United States designed
corruption to be 32 Shades Lip Sticks
Color of a Very Hostile to Black Lives Matter Pig, attacking the “Black Lives Matter”
as these material sword statement and actual government records produced, are
ready into court evidence leaving a 2017
Nation Wide
GOP Political Party system of non-stop 1865 – 2017 white
supremacy government leadership(s) Local/State/Federal in Presidential Making
America Great Again Klansmen gangs sponsor no – less terrorizing, Murders, as
this has occurred August 12th 2017, as Defendant State of Virginia having criminal produced under this
violence
One person is dead in Charlottesville, State and local emergencies are declared Presidential
Donald John Trump Sr. (Hostile) white nationalists confederates
clashed with counter protesters “even” real Video
shows car crashing into
Charlottesville protest
State and local emergencies
are declared as in Jurisdiction
of defendant (USA) BALTIMORE – The NAACP issue alert to all 44.5 Million “Black Lives
Matter” notice of harm in actual Travel Advisory Warnings within the
Jurisdiction of
defendant United States of America et al for the defendant State of Missouri,
all being still ongoing Slavery enticed legacy ignored by the Judicial
Government corruption, and profiteering against the “Protective Order” already
filed on Appeal, which direct violation RICO manipulation, of Judicial Decree,
so all this criminal 2016 – 2017 ongoing crimes, of (Trump) et al, leaves no
question
“Affidavit of Probable Cause an
Issuance for Arrest Warrant, for Defendant Charles
R. Norgle, U.S.
District Judge with
Co-Defendant(s) EASTERBROOK, Chief Judge, and POSNER and
MANION, Circuit Judges In the United
States Court of Appeals For the Seventh Circuit “collectively” thereafter Nos.
05-3265, 05-3266, 05-3305
IN RE: AFRICAN-AMERICAN SLAVE DESCENDANTS
LITIGATION. APPEALS OF: DEADRIA FARMER-PAELLMANN, et al., and TIMOTHY HURDLE,
et al. ____________
Appeals from the United States
District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern District. No. 02
C 7764—Charles R. Norgle, Sr., Judge. ____________ ARGUED SEPTEMBER 27,
2006—DECIDED DECEMBER 13, 2006
1. 44.5 Million (plus) “Counts” of violation of The Racketeer Influenced and
Corrupt Organization Act (RICO) 18 U.S.C. § 1589 (forced labor), 18 U.S.C. §
1590 (trafficking with respect to peonage, slavery, involuntary servitude, or
forced labor), “Slavery Servitude” money laundering statutes, 18 U.S.C. 1956
and 1952.2 against 44.5 Million (plus) “Plaintiffs Black Lives Matter”
throughout the defendant United States designating theft by force slave
labor that is large in magnitude in excess of 6 Trillion U.S. Dollars with
interest dating back to 1865
2. Defendant Charles
R. Norgle, U.S.
District Judge with
Co-Defendant(s) EASTERBROOK, Chief Judge, and POSNER and
MANION, Circuit Judges 44.5 Million (plus) “Counts” of False Imprisonment with direct violation of intent, actual
confinement in boundaries as “slaves” not of the plaintiff's “Black Lives
Matter” choosing, and defendant (USA) et al awareness of the confinement for
148 years since 1865 said 13th amendment of US Constitution was not
completely ratified.
3. Defendant Charles
R. Norgle, U.S.
District Judge with
Co-Defendant(s) EASTERBROOK, Chief Judge, and POSNER and
MANION, Circuit Judge 44.5 Million (plus) “Counts” of “Aggravated PERJURY AND OTHER
FALSIFICATION, intentionally makes a
false statement while under oath under color of Law as a “United States
Judicial Judge in the commission of civil/criminal crimes of humanity fraud of
court decree direct under RICO violation against 44.5 Million (plus)
“Plaintiffs Black Lives Matter” throughout the defendant United States
4. Defendant Charles
R. Norgle, U.S.
District Judge with
Co-Defendant(s) EASTERBROOK, Chief Judge, and POSNER and
MANION, Circuit Judges Violation of 18 U.S. Code § 2 – Principals, in
the commission of civil/criminal crimes of humanity of “Enslavement” against
44.5 Million (plus) “Plaintiffs Black Lives Matter”.
5. Defendant Charles
R. Norgle, U.S.
District Judge with
Co-Defendant(s) EASTERBROOK, Chief Judge, and POSNER and
MANION, Circuit Judges 44.5 Million (plus) “Counts” of Grand larceny, Principals, in the
commission of civil/criminal crimes of humanity against 44.5 Million (plus)
“Plaintiffs Black Lives Matter” throughout the defendant United States
designating theft that is
large in magnitude in excess of 6 Trillion U.S. Dollars with interest dating
back to 1865 and very serious in penological consequences as described in
exhibit E Class Action Deaddria Farmer – Paeellmann vs. FleetBoston Financial
Corporations et al, filed Mar 26th 2002 Case No. CV 02 1863.
6. Defendant Charles
R. Norgle, U.S.
District Judge with
Co-Defendant(s) EASTERBROOK, Chief Judge, and POSNER and
MANION, Circuit Judges Making false statements (18 U.S.C. § 1001)
7. Co-conspirators
and accessories after the fact — as described in counts 1 – 5 Defendant Charles R. Norgle, U.S. District Judge with
Co-Defendant(s) EASTERBROOK, Chief Judge, and POSNER and
MANION, Circuit Judges
Chief Defendant 45th President Donald John Trump Sr. having
been in a “long uncivilized history” in the process of making illegally-gained
proceeds (i.e. "dirtymoney") appear legal (i.e. "clean")
All said “Affidavit of Probable cause and Issue of
Arrest Warrant for “Chief Defendant Donald John Trump Sr. et al having
been filed before George C. Hanks, Jr. United States District Judge 601
Rosenberg, 6th Floor Galveston, TX 77550 Telephone: (409)766-3737 In “Concert”
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FIFTH CIRCUIT
U.S. District Court Southern District of Texas (Galveston) Civil Docket for
case #: 3:16-MC-00016 *date 01/23/2017 Plaintiff-Appellant Louis Charles
Hamilton II Cmdr. USN #2712 vs. Defendant 45th President Donald John Trump Sr.
Re:
Writ of Mandamus Chief Defendant “45th President Donald John Trump Sr., The
Trump Organization, 725 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10022 Writ of Mandamus CASE
NO. 17- “Approval” of filing by Slave Negro George Carol Hanks, Jr. (born 1964)
United States District Judge In
“Concert”
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FIFTH CIRCUIT U.S. District Court Southern
District of Texas (Galveston) Civil Docket for case #: 3:16-MC-00016 *date
01/23/2017 Plaintiff-Appellant Louis Charles Hamilton II Cmdr. USN #2712 vs.
Defendant 45th President Donald John Trump Sr.
Defendant(s) Reavley, Dennis, and Higginson, Circuit Judges
for the Fifth Circuit being direct
Principle, and full assessor after the facts providing Judicial Muscle protection cover up, conceal, delete
obscuring, manipulation, money launder complete “Mind Man” Loyalty on behalf of all criminal
RICO endeavor of
“Chief Defendant” Donald John Trump Sr. in his both personal and official
capacity “err” manipulation of government Judicial decree to secure (against)
the peace will, dignity, safety of
“Plaintiffs Black Lives Matter” 44.5 Million herein
5.
Fifth and foremost to United States of Appeals Court Fifth Circuit and
Before the Court Slave Negro U.S. Judge George C. Hanks, Jr. With the (1800s
Colonial Harvard and Duke Law degrees) pursuant to
Decided:
September 17, 2004
Before KING, Chief Judge, and
JOLLY and CLEMENT, Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals Circuit Judges.
a.
Defendant Senior Status Judge Carolyn Dineen King
(born January 30, 1938, in Syracuse,
New York) King graduated summa cum laude
from Smith
College in 1959, and earned a law degree from Yale Law School
in 1962, while 44.5 Million Negro Plaintiff Black Lives Matter” currently
“enslaved” after 1865 Civil War, well into 1979, (114) years of this crimes
against humanity has proceeded onward even as it being out law by the 13th
amendment in all Jurisdiction, further declared being
President Jimmy Carter
appointed Defendant Senior Status Judge
Carolyn Dineen King to the Fifth Circuit, where she has written over
4400 opinions which not a single one has lead to the freedom of 44.5 million
negro plaintiff black lives matter,. Well into 1999, Defendant Senior Status Judge Carolyn Dineen King became the first
woman to serve as Chief Judge of the Fifth Circuit, a position that she held
until 2006,
King assumed Defendant Senior Status Judge Carolyn Dineen
King assumed senior status
on December 31, 2013, precisely the same year the defendant “State of
Mississippi” Join the Union, which is now known to be “United States of
America” legally on February 7th 2013, as from 1979 – 2013 Defendant Senior Status Judge Carolyn Dineen
King for exactly 34 years, being a Principle,
Co-conspire, full assessor after the facts of this Government conspired acting
under color of law to 44.5 Million (plus)
“Counts” of False Imprisonment with direct violation of intent, gross
neglect, breach of judiciary and fiduciary duties with knowledge of the actual
confinement of
“Black
Lives Matter” in boundaries as “Slaves” not of the Plaintiff's “Black Lives
Matter” choosing, and defendant (USA) et al Defendant Senior Status Judge Carolyn Dineen King for 43 years active professional
Judicial duties required correction, awareness
of the confinement for 148 years since 1865 said 13th amendment of
US Constitution was not completely ratified well into 2013,
As additional most regrettable included into
the records of these proceeding is file a Notice of Recusal and additional
“Affidavit of Probable cause and Issue of Arrest Warrants” for Defendant Senior Status Judge Carolyn Dineen King
Judge of the Fifth
Circuit, Defendant Judge E. Grady Jolly
(born 1937) July 30, 1982 – 2013 for 31
years active professional Judicial duties required correction, awareness of the confinement for 148 years since 1865
said 13th amendment of US Constitution was not completely ratified
well into 2013
Judge of the Fifth
Circuit, Defendant Edith
"Joy" Brown Clement (born April 29, 1948) November 26, 2001 –
2013 for 12 years active proffesional
Judicial duties required correction, awareness
of the confinement for 148 years since 1865 said 13th amendment of
US Constitution was not completely ratified well into 2013, notwithstanding
Violation
of 18 U.S. Code § 2 – Principals, in the commission of civil/criminal crimes of
humanity of “Enslavement” against 44.5 Million (plus) “Plaintiffs Black Lives
Matter”, to include being a “party” to actual achieved directly/indirectly 44.5
Million (plus) “Counts” of violation of
The Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act (RICO) 18 U.S.C. § 1589
(forced labor), 18 U.S.C. § 1590 (trafficking with respect to peonage, slavery,
involuntary servitude, or forced labor),
“Slavery
Servitude” money laundering statutes, 18 U.S.C. 1956 and 1952.2 against 44.5
Million (plus) “Plaintiffs Black Lives Matter” throughout the defendant United
States designating theft by force
slave labor well into 2013 that is large in magnitude in excess of 6
Trillion U.S. Dollars with interest dating back to 1865 Notwithstanding
the “Key Citing”
K.M.A., Inc., 652, F.2d
398, 399 (5th Cir 1981),
+POTUS Obama +Hillary Clinton +BRITISH QUEEN +Prince Harry +Meghan Markle +HMS Prince of Wales +British Parliament +USNavySEAL +Us Navy +Tina Fey +SNL Group +Alec Baldwins Forehead +BBC World Service +NBC Chicago +Washington Post +The Rachel Maddow Show +CBS This Morning +ABC World News Tonight +Yahoo News +Donald Trump News +President Donald Trump +North Korea +South Korea +Xi Jingping +Sherlock Holmes +United States Air Force +UNITED NATIONS Headquarters +NATO +National Museum of American History +City of New York +BBC Africa +ABC NEWS +CBS Evening News +NBC News +Yahoo News +Jackie Chan +Samuel L Jackson +Black Lives Matter !!!!!!! +MLK jr. +Vladimir Putin +USSR Gov +Russia +Nasdaq +Washington Post +The Huffington Post UK +Art/is +UNITED NATIONS Headquarters +National Museum of American History +Santa Claus +Pope Francis Visit USA +The British Royal Family
No comments:
Post a Comment